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| |
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Notes on Total Cost Comparison
|
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(1)
|
Current server hardware costs are calculated based weighted
average values from a mixture of 3 server types; 25% 1 CPU/Dual Core, 70% 2
CPU/Dual Core, and 5% 4 CPU/Quad Core.
Costs are allocated over average server useful life. Annual growth in server counts is included.
|
|
| |
(2)
|
Storage costs are based on the % over servers utilizing SAN
storage, average industry costs of FC HBAs($750 per unit) and switching
($5,900 per unit), 2 HBAs per server, and 24 ports per SAN switch. Growth in servers and related counts is
included. Disk storage costs are not
included in the analysis.
|
|
| |
(3)
|
Network costs are based on average industry costs of
network switching, 2 NICs and 24 ports per switch ($3,900 per unit). Growth in servers and related counts is
included.
|
|
| |
(4)
|
Annual server hardware support is set at 5% of server
original cost. Annual operating system
costs are based on Open License pricing of Windows 2003 Standard. This cost also includes Microsoft Systems
Center and Data Protection Manager.
|
|
| |
(5)
|
Annual storage network support is set at 10% of original
cost.
|
|
| |
(6)
|
Annual server network support is set at 10% of original
cost.
|
|
| |
(7)
|
(7) Power usage is calculated as number of servers, times
the sum of average operating and cooling watts, times the steady state
constant, times the cost per kWatt hour and operating hours. Actual power represents nameplate power
times nameplate to steady state power conversion. The average cost per watt of datacenter
power for the selected US state. Default is the US average cost of
electricity per watt hour based on Energy Information Administration, U.S.
Department of Energy, Electric Power Monthly, July 2008, Table 5.6A and
Figure 4, "2008 Year-to-Date Average Cost per kWh", Latest
Available Report can be found at:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/epm.pdf. Based on weighted average of a typical
Windows server mix.
|
|
| |
(8)
|
24Us is portion of a typical 42U rack available for
servers. Rack floor space estimated at
7 square feet per rack including the rack itself, plus necessary aisle and
access overhead average. Datacenter
space is wasted by having to spread out the racks, because racks cannot be
placed closely together due to cooling constraints. This leaves 30% useable on average. Use 40% as a conservative default. Floor space required is reduced if Blade
severs are selected at the Input tab.
|
|
| |
(9)
|
Not applicable to current environment since the model
assumes that all current servers entered are physical servers to be
virtualized.
|
|
| |
(10)
|
Includes estimated person hours per server addition
(before virtualization spent on server procurement/vendor management
(2hours), setup/configuration/deployment of server hardware (5 hours),
installing/configuring/deploying operating system (2.5 hours), application
installation/configuration/deployment (2 hours). Assumes that Microsoft Systems Center or
similar management package is in use.
|
|
| |
(11)
|
Includes: Network and server administrator hours to
perform each network move/add/change, setup time, change time (4 hours). Hours per operating system patch (0.3
hours). Hours per application patch
and upgrade (0.3 hours). Assumes that
Microsoft Systems Center or similar package is being used.
|
|
| |
(12)
|
Includes task such as: Server monitoring (6%), Break-fix
management (9%), Performance & availability management (8%), Back and
Recovery (5%), Administration Security management (7%), Compliance
auditing/reporting (2%). Calculated as
the % of total server administration FTEs based on the number of servers in
the environment. The number of servers
managed by 1 FTE scales up as more servers are managed due to economies of
scale and management tools. Assumes
that backups are managed centrally.
Also assumes that Microsoft Systems Center or similar package is being
used.
|
|
| |
(13)
|
Server hardware costs are calculated based on the number
of physical host servers and type of server selected on the Input tab. The number of physical hosts required is
calculated based on the number of virtual servers, virtual servers per core,
cpus per server, and cores per CPU.
Cost is also based on the amount of memory required. The amount of memory required is based on
an Intel Analysis/Whitepaper titled "Memory Sizing for Server
Virtualization". This model
assumes that management servers are virtualized. Costs are allocated over average server useful
life selected at the Input tab. Annual
growth in virtual/physical server counts is included.
|
|
| |
(14)
|
Storage costs are based on the % over servers utilizing
SAN storage, average industry costs of FC HBAs($750 per unit) and switching
($5,900 per unit), 2 HBAs per server, and 24 ports per SAN switch. Growth in servers and related counts is
included. Incremental disk storage
costs required to run the virtual servers is included in the analysis and is
based on average FC SAN pricing per GB of $5.25. Costs are allocated using the server useful
life value entered at the Input tab.
|
|
| |
(15)
|
Network costs are based on average industry costs of
network switching, 4 NICs per server and 24 ports per switch ($3,900 per
unit). Growth in servers and related
counts is included. Assumes that more
NICs are required for servers hosting virtual machines.
|
|
| |
(16)
|
Annual server hardware support is set at 5% of server
original cost. Annual operating system
costs are based on Open License pricing of Windows 2003 Standard, Enterprise
or Datacenter, whichever provides the lowest cost over years.
|
|
| |
(17)
|
Annual storage network support is set at 10% of original
cost.
|
|
| |
(18)
|
Annual server network support is set at 10% of original
cost.
|
|
| |
(19)
|
(7) Power usage is calculated as number of physical host
servers, times the sum of operating and cooling watts, times the steady state
constant, times the cost per kWatt hour and operating hours. Actual power represents nameplate power
times nameplate to steady state power conversion. The average cost per watt of datacenter
power for the selected US state. Default is the US average cost of
electricity per watt hour based on Energy Information Administration, U.S.
Department of Energy, Electric Power Monthly, July 2008, Table 5.6A and
Figure 4, "2008 Year-to-Date Average Cost per kWh", Latest
Available Report can be found at: http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/epm.pdf.
Non-US pricing based on 2005 Worldwide Electricity Prices for Industry from
Power Standards,
http://www.powerstandards.com/images/PSL_World_Map_Electricity_Prices.jpg. Virtual host sever power usage is increased
by 15% over non host servers due to increased CPU utilization. If Blade servers are used power usage per
server is reduced by 20%.
|
|
| |
(20)
|
24Us is portion of a typical 42U rack available for
servers. Rack floor space estimated at
7 square feet per rack including the rack itself, plus necessary aisle and
access overhead average. Datacenter
space is wasted by having to spread out the racks, because racks cannot be
placed closely together due to cooling constraints. This leaves 30% useable on average. Use 40% as a conservative default. Floor space required is reduced if Blade
severs are selected at the Input tab.
|
|
| |
(21)
|
For the Hyper-V option this includes the cost of the
Microsoft Systems Center Suite including Virtual Machine Manger.
|
|
| |
(22)
|
Includes estimated person hours per server addition
(before virtualization spent on server procurement/vendor management
(2hours), setup/configuration/deployment of server hardware (5 hours),
installing/configuring/deploying operating system (2.5 hours), application
installation/configuration/deployment (2 hours). Assumes that Microsoft Systems Center or
similar management package is in use.
|
|
| |
(23)
|
Includes: Network and server administrator hours to
perform each network move/add/change, setup time, change time (4 hours). Hours per operating system patch (0.3
hours). Hours per application patch
and upgrade (0.3 hours). Assumes that
Microsoft Systems Center or similar package is being used.
|
|
| |
(24)
|
Includes task such as: Server monitoring (6%), Break-fix
management (9%), Performance & availability management (8%), Back and
Recovery (5%), Administration Security management (7%), Compliance
auditing/reporting (2%). Calculated as
the % of total server administration FTEs based on the number of servers in
the environment. The number of servers
managed by 1 FTE scales up as more servers are managed due to economies of
scale and management tools. Assumes
that backups are managed centrally.
Also assumes that Microsoft Systems Center or similar package is being
used.
|
|
| |
(25)
|
Server hardware costs are calculated based on the number
of physical host servers and type of server selected on the Input tab. The number of physical hosts required is
calculated based on the number of virtual servers, virtual servers per core,
cpus per server, and cores per CPU.
For the vSphere option we assume that the physical hardware can host
more virtual machines than with Hyper-V.
There are several reasons for this assumption including: (1) Memory
Oversubscription, (2) Direct Driver Model , (3) DRS with Resource Pools (4)
High Performance “Gang” Scheduler, and (5) Support for Large Memory Pages and
Nested Page Tables. Some industry
analysts have stated that the vSphere advantage is 2 to 1. To be conservative we have used a 25%
advantage in the number of VMs hosted (50% with DRS). The impact if DRS is only used if the
Advanced option is selected at the Input tab.
Cost is also based on the amount of memory required. The amount of memory required is based on
an Intel Analysis/Whitepaper titled "Memory Sizing for Server
Virtualization". The amount of
memory per server is the same for Hyper-V and vSphere but the number of
physical servers required with vSphere will be lower. This model assumes that management servers
are virtualized. Costs are allocated
over average server useful life selected at the Input tab. Annual growth in virtual/physical server
counts is included.
|
|
| |
(26)
|
Storage costs are based on the % over servers utilizing
SAN storage, average industry costs of FC HBAs($750 per unit) and switching
($5,900 per unit), 2 HBAs per server, and 24 ports per SAN switch. Growth in servers and related counts is
included. Incremental disk storage
costs required to run the virtual servers is included in the analysis and is
based on average FC SAN pricing per GB of $5.25. For vSphere the amount of disk required is
less due to the use of Thin Provisioning.
Costs are allocated using the server useful life value entered at the
Input tab.
|
|
| |
(27)
|
Network costs are based on average industry costs of
network switching, 4 NICs per server and 24 ports per switch ($3,900 per
unit). Growth in servers and related
counts is included. Assumes that more
NICs are required for servers hosting virtual machines.
|
|
| |
(28)
|
Annual server hardware support is set at 5% of server
original cost. Annual operating system
costs are based on Open License pricing of Windows 2003 Standard, Enterprise
or Datacenter, whichever provides the lowest cost over years.
|
|
| |
(29)
|
Annual storage network support is set at 10% of original
cost.
|
|
| |
(30)
|
Annual server network support is set at 10% of original
cost.
|
|
| |
(31)
|
(7) Power usage is calculated as number of physical host
servers, times the sum of operating and cooling watts, times the steady state
constant, times the cost per kWatt hour and operating hours. Actual power represents nameplate power
times nameplate to steady state power conversion. The average cost per watt of datacenter
power for the selected US state. Default is the US average cost of
electricity per watt hour based on Energy Information Administration, U.S.
Department of Energy, Electric Power Monthly, July 2008, Table 5.6A and
Figure 4, "2008 Year-to-Date Average Cost per kWh", Latest
Available Report can be found at: http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/epm.pdf.
Non-US pricing based on 2005 Worldwide Electricity Prices for Industry from
Power Standards,
http://www.powerstandards.com/images/PSL_World_Map_Electricity_Prices.jpg. Virtual host sever power usage is increased
by 15% over non host servers due to increased CPU utilization. If Blade servers are used power usage per
server is reduced by 20%.
|
|
| |
(32)
|
24Us is portion of a typical 42U rack available for
servers. Rack floor space estimated at
7 square feet per rack including the rack itself, plus necessary aisle and
access overhead average. Datacenter
space is wasted by having to spread out the racks, because racks cannot be
placed closely together due to cooling constraints. This leaves 30% useable on average. Use 40% as a conservative default. Floor space required is reduced if Blade
severs are selected at the Input tab.
|
|
| |
(33)
|
For the vSphere option software cost varies depending on
the "Virtualization Functionality Level" selected at the Input
tab. Basic includes Standard Edition
and vCenter costs at retail. Medium
includes the Enterprise Edition and vCenter.
Advanced includes the Enterprise Plus Edition, vCenter, vCenter
AppSpeed, vCenter Lifecycle Manager, vCenter Chargeback, and Cisco Nexus
1000v. The consolidation and
administration benefits of these options are also calculated.
|
|
| |
(34)
|
Includes estimated person hours per server addition
(before virtualization spent on server procurement/vendor management
(2hours), setup/configuration/deployment of server hardware (5 hours),
installing/configuring/deploying operating system (2.5 hours), application
installation/configuration/deployment (2 hours). These factors are adjusted depending on the
Level of virtualization selected at the Input tab.
|
|
| |
(35)
|
Includes: Network and server administrator hours to
perform each network move/add/change, setup time, change time (4 hours). Hours per operating system patch (0.3
hours). Hours per application patch
and upgrade (0.3 hours). These factors
are adjusted depending on the Level of virtualization selected at the Input
tab.
|
|
| |
(36)
|
Includes task such as: Server monitoring (6%), Break-fix
management (9%), Performance & availability management (8%), Back and
Recovery (5%), Administration Security management (7%), Compliance
auditing/reporting (2%). Calculated as
the % of total server administration FTEs based on the number of servers in
the environment. The number of servers
managed by 1 FTE scales up as more servers are managed due to economies of
scale and management tools. Assumes
that backups are managed centrally.
These factors are adjusted depending on the Level of virtualization
selected at the Input tab.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Other
Assumptions and Inputs
|
|
|
|
| |
General
Assumptions
|
|
|
|
| |
Cost of
Capital for NPV calculations
|
10.0%
|
|
|
| |
Salary growth rate
|
3.0%
|
|
|
| |
Annual server support as % of cost
|
5.0%
|
|
|
| |
Average number of major applications per server
|
1.0
|
|
|
| |
Percentage of servers which are questionable
virtualization candidates
|
|
|
|
| |
OS Used for Existing Servers
|
Windows Srvr 2003 Standard
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Power and
Cooling
|
|
|
|
| |
Steady-state
constant used to convert nameplate power consumption to steady state
|
0.67
|
|
|
| |
Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) for the datacenter
|
2.3
|
|
|
| |
Hours per year the datacenter operates
|
8,766
|
|
|
| |
Annual increase in power costs
|
5.0%
|
|
|
| |
Utilization uplift to power consumption for virtualized
servers
|
115.0%
|
|
|
| |
Blade server power savings
|
20.0%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Datacenter
Floor space and Facilities
|
|
|
|
| |
Average
size of each rack (specified in U)
|
24
|
|
|
| |
Average number of square feet per rack
|
7.0
|
|
|
| |
Percentage of space is currently used by racks (upward
scaling factor to rack space consumption)
|
40%
|
|
|
| |
Capital cost for facilities datacenter space build-out
(per square foot)
|
$ 1,000
|
|
|
| |
Capital cost for power and cooling equipment (per square
foot)
|
$ 1,300
|
|
|
| |
Average weighted depreciation to use for build-out and
equipment (in years)
|
10
|
|
|
| |
Cost for the space (lease, rent, mortgage) in square feet
per year
|
$ 35
|
|
|
| |
Average fully burdened datacenter cost per square foot per
year
|
|
|
|
| |
Percentage server datacenter facilities costs increase
each year
|
5%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Server
Networked Storage
|
|
|
|
| |
Network
storage switch useful life
|
5
|
|
|
| |
Network storage switch annual support
|
10%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Current
Environment
|
|
|
|
| |
Gigabytes
(GB) of storage in current environment (in total)
|
100
|
|
|
| |
Percentage of current servers attached to SAN
|
|
|
|
| |
Percentage this server storage increases each year
|
10%
|
|
|
| |
When a server is attached to a SAN, the number of HBAs per
host
|
2
|
|
|
| |
Ports per HBA
|
1
|
|
|
| |
Number of ports per typical SAN switch
|
24
|
|
|
| |
Cost of each FC HBA
|
$ 750
|
|
|
| |
Cost of each iSCSI HBA
|
$ 250
|
|
|
| |
Cost for FC SAN switches
|
$ 5,900
|
|
|
| |
Cost for iSCSI SAN switches
|
$ 3,900
|
|
|
| |
Cost for DAS storage (per GB)
|
$ 2.00
|
|
|
| |
Cost for FC SAN storage (per GB)
|
$ 5.00
|
|
|
| |
Cost for iSCSI SAN storage (per GB)
|
$ 3.00
|
|
|
| |
Cost for NAS storage (per GB)
|
$ 3.00
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Virtual
Environment
|
|
|
|
| |
Gigabytes
(GB) of storage in current environment (in total)
|
|
|
|
| |
Gigabytes (GB) of storage required for each virtual
machine image - GBs
|
50
|
|
|
| |
Percentage of host servers attached to SAN
|
100%
|
|
|
| |
Percentage this server storage increases each year
|
|
|
|
| |
When a server is attached to a SAN, the number of HBAs per
host
|
4
|
|
|
| |
Ports per HBA
|
2
|
|
|
| |
Number of ports per typical SAN switch
|
24
|
|
|
| |
Cost of each FC HBA
|
$ 750
|
|
|
| |
Cost of each iSCSI HBA
|
$ 250
|
|
|
| |
Cost for FC SAN switches
|
$ 5,900
|
|
|
| |
Cost for iSCSI SAN switches
|
$ 3,900
|
|
|
| |
Cost for DAS storage (per GB)
|
$ 2.25
|
|
|
| |
Cost for FC SAN storage (per GB)
|
$ 5.25
|
|
|
| |
Cost for iSCSI SAN storage (per GB)
|
$ 3.25
|
|
|
| |
Cost for NAS storage (per GB)
|
$ 3.25
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Server
Network
|
|
|
|
| |
Network
switch useful life
|
5
|
|
|
| |
Network switch annual support
|
10%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Current
Environment
|
|
|
|
| |
Network
interface cards (NICs) per server
|
2
|
|
|
| |
Ports per NIC
|
2
|
|
|
| |
Ports per network switch
|
24
|
|
|
| |
Network switch cost
|
$ 3,900
|
|
|
| |
On average, the percentage increase in server networking
costs each year
|
10%
|
|
|
| |
Percentage of the annual server networking savings that
can be realized
|
100%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Virtual
Environment
|
|
|
|
| |
Network
interface cards (NICs) per server
|
4
|
|
|
| |
Ports per NIC
|
2
|
|
|
| |
Ports per network switch
|
24
|
|
|
| |
Network switch cost
|
$ 3,900
|
|
|
| |
On average, the percentage increase in server networking
costs each year
|
10%
|
|
|
| |
Percentage of the annual server networking savings that
can be realized
|
100%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Failover/HA
Factors
|
|
|
|
| |
CPU
overhead factor required for HA and Fault Tolerance - with vSphere
|
25%
|
|
|
| |
CPU overhead factor required for HA and Fault Tolerance -
with Hyper-V
|
25%
|
|
|
| |
Memory overhead factor required for HA and Fault
Tolerance - with vSphere
|
25%
|
|
|
| |
Memory overhead factor required for HA and Fault
Tolerance - with Hyper-V
|
25%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
vCenter
|
|
|
|
| |
Number
of virtual hosts managed per vCenter Server
|
200
|
|
|
| |
Additional server consolidation with vSphere vs. Hyper-V
|
25%
|
|
|
| |
DRS Impact on server consolidation
|
5%
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Other
|
|
|
|
| |
Include
MS System Center Data Protection Manager in VMWare Option?
|
No
|
|
|
| |
Include MS System Center in VMWare Option?
|
Yes
|
|
|
| |
Implement Systems Center Virtual Machine Manager to
manage the virtualized environment?
|
Yes
|
|
|
| |
Management Server Type
|
2 CPU / 2 Cores per CPU
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Copyright©2010
STA, Inc. All rights reserved
|
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